feat: 优化虚拟机列表，支持多主机聚合显示

- 新增 /vm/list-all API 聚合所有主机虚拟机
- parse_vm_info 支持 include_ip 参数控制IP获取
- VMList 添加主机选择器，显示宿主机列
- 修复 API 路径 /host/list -> /hosts/list
- 新增启动脚本 scripts/start.sh
- 新增 Guest Agent 安装脚本 scripts/install-guest-agent.sh
- 更新 README 文档

backend/app/routers/vm.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Query
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from typing import Optional, List
 from lxml import etree
+from app.hosts import list_hosts
 import os
 
 from app.libvirt_conn import conn_pool
@@ -36,14 +37,14 @@ class VMClone(BaseModel):
 # ===== API =====
 
 @router.get("/list")
-async def list_vms(host_id: str = Query("local")):
-    """获取所有虚拟机列表"""
+async def list_vms(host_id: str = Query("local"), include_ip: bool = False):
+    """获取指定主机所有虚拟机列表（轻量模式，默认不获取IP）"""
     conn = conn_pool.get_conn(host_id)
     domains = conn.listAllDomains(0)
     vms = []
     for dom in domains:
         try:
-            vm_info = parse_vm_info(dom)
+            vm_info = parse_vm_info(dom, host_id, include_ip=include_ip)
             vms.append(vm_info)
         except Exception as e:
             vms.append({
@@ -52,7 +53,37 @@ async def list_vms(host_id: str = Query("local")):
                 "state": "error",
                 "error": str(e),
             })
-    return {"vms": vms, "total": len(vms)}
+    return {"vms": vms, "total": len(vms), "host_id": host_id}
+
+
+@router.get("/list-all")
+async def list_all_vms(include_ip: bool = False):
+    """获取所有主机所有虚拟机列表（聚合模式）"""
+    hosts = list_hosts()
+    all_vms = []
+    
+    for host in hosts:
+        try:
+            conn = conn_pool.get_conn(host.id)
+            domains = conn.listAllDomains(0)
+            for dom in domains:
+                try:
+                    vm_info = parse_vm_info(dom, host.id, include_ip=include_ip)
+                    vm_info["host_id"] = host.id
+                    vm_info["host_name"] = host.name
+                    all_vms.append(vm_info)
+                except Exception:
+                    all_vms.append({
+                        "name": dom.name(),
+                        "uuid": dom.UUIDString(),
+                        "state": "error",
+                        "host_id": host.id,
+                        "host_name": host.name,
+                    })
+        except Exception:
+            pass  # 跳过无法连接的主机
+    
+    return {"vms": all_vms, "total": len(all_vms), "host_count": len(hosts)}
 
 
 @router.get("/detail/{name}")
@@ -64,7 +95,7 @@ async def get_vm_detail(name: str, host_id: str = Query("local")):
     except libvirt.libvirtError:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"虚拟机 '{name}' 不存在")
 
-    info = parse_vm_info(dom)
+    info = parse_vm_info(dom, host_id)
 
     # 运行中的虚拟机获取更多动态信息
     if info["state"] == "running":
@@ -115,6 +146,120 @@ async def get_vm_detail(name: str, host_id: str = Query("local")):
     return info
 
 
+@router.get("/ip/{name}")
+async def get_vm_ip(name: str, host_id: str = Query("local")):
+    """获取虚拟机 IP 地址"""
+    conn = conn_pool.get_conn(host_id)
+    try:
+        dom = conn.lookupByName(name)
+    except libvirt.libvirtError:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"虚拟机 '{name}' 不存在")
+
+    if not dom.isActive():
+        return {"name": name, "ips": [], "message": "虚拟机未运行"}
+
+    xml_desc = dom.XMLDesc(0)
+    tree = etree.fromstring(xml_desc.encode())
+
+    interfaces = []
+    for iface in tree.findall(".//interface"):
+        source = iface.find("source")
+        mac_elem = iface.find("mac")
+        if mac_elem is None:
+            continue
+        mac = mac_elem.get("address", "")
+        network = source.get("network", "") if source is not None else ""
+
+        ips = []
+
+        # 方式1: QEMU Guest Agent
+        try:
+            ifaces = dom.interfaceAddresses(
+                libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_INTERFACE_ADDRESSES_SRC_AGENT, 0
+            )
+            if ifaces:
+                for ifname, ifdata in ifaces.items():
+                    if ifdata.get("hwaddr", "").lower() == mac.lower():
+                        addrs = ifdata.get("addrs", [])
+                        for a in addrs:
+                            addr = a.get("addr", "")
+                            if "." in addr:
+                                ips.append({"ip": addr, "type": "ipv4", "source": "guest-agent"})
+                            elif ":" in addr:
+                                ips.append({"ip": addr, "type": "ipv6", "source": "guest-agent"})
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        # 方式2: DHCP 租约
+        if not ips:
+            try:
+                ifaces = dom.interfaceAddresses(
+                    libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_INTERFACE_ADDRESSES_SRC_LEASE, 0
+                )
+                if ifaces:
+                    for ifname, ifdata in ifaces.items():
+                        hwaddr = ifdata.get("hwaddr", "").lower()
+                        if hwaddr == mac.lower():
+                            addrs = ifdata.get("addrs", [])
+                            for a in addrs:
+                                addr = a.get("addr", "")
+                                if "." in addr:
+                                    ips.append({"ip": addr, "type": "ipv4", "source": "dhcp-lease"})
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        # 方式3: ARP 表查找
+        if not ips:
+            ip_list = _arp_lookup(mac, host_id)
+            for ip in ip_list:
+                ips.append({"ip": ip, "type": "ipv4", "source": "arp"})
+
+        interfaces.append({
+            "mac": mac,
+            "network": network,
+            "ips": ips,
+        })
+
+    return {"name": name, "interfaces": interfaces}
+
+
+def _arp_lookup(mac: str, host_id: str = "local") -> list:
+    """通过 ARP 表查找 MAC 对应的 IP"""
+    import subprocess
+    from app.hosts import get_host as get_host_info
+
+    host_info = get_host_info(host_id)
+    is_remote = host_info and host_info.type != "local"
+
+    try:
+        if is_remote and host_info.type == "ssh":
+            from urllib.parse import urlparse
+            parsed = urlparse(host_info.uri)
+            remote_host = parsed.hostname
+            ssh_args = ["ssh", "-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=no"]
+            if host_info.ssh_key_path:
+                ssh_args.extend(["-i", host_info.ssh_key_path])
+            ssh_args.extend([remote_host, "ip", "neigh", "show"])
+            result = subprocess.run(ssh_args, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=5)
+        else:
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                ["ip", "neigh", "show"],
+                capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=3,
+            )
+
+        if result.returncode == 0:
+            found = []
+            for line in result.stdout.strip().split("\n"):
+                if mac.lower() in line.lower():
+                    parts = line.split()
+                    if parts and "." in parts[0]:
+                        found.append(parts[0])
+            return found
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return []
+
+
 @router.post("/create")
 async def create_vm(vm: VMCreate, host_id: str = Query("local")):
     """创建虚拟机"""

backend/app/utils.py

@@ -96,8 +96,14 @@ def generate_vm_xml(
     return xml_parts
 
 
-def parse_vm_info(dom) -> dict:
-    """从 libvirt domain 对象提取虚拟机信息"""
+def parse_vm_info(dom, host_id: str = "local", include_ip: bool = False) -> dict:
+    """从 libvirt domain 对象提取虚拟机信息
+    
+    Args:
+        dom: libvirt domain 对象
+        host_id: 主机ID
+        include_ip: 是否获取IP地址（开启会明显变慢，默认关闭）
+    """
     from app.libvirt_conn import libvirt_conn
 
     # 基本信息
@@ -161,43 +167,37 @@ def parse_vm_info(dom) -> dict:
     for iface in tree.findall(".//interface"):
         source = iface.find("source")
         model = iface.find("model")
+        target = iface.find("target")
         iface_info = {
             "type": iface.get("type", ""),
             "network": source.get("network", "") if source is not None else "",
+            "bridge": source.get("bridge", "") if source is not None else "",
             "model": model.get("type", "") if model is not None else "",
+            "dev": target.get("dev", "") if target is not None else "",
         }
-        # 如果运行中，获取MAC和IP
-        if info["state"] == "running":
-            mac = iface.find("mac")
-            if mac is not None:
-                iface_info["mac"] = mac.get("address", "")
-            # 尝试获取IP地址
-            try:
-                ifaces = dom.interfaceAddresses(
-                    libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_INTERFACE_ADDRESSES_SRC_AGENT, 0
-                )
-                if ifaces:
-                    for ifname, ifdata in ifaces.items():
-                        if mac is not None and ifdata.get("hwaddr", "") == iface_info.get("mac", ""):
-                            addrs = ifdata.get("addrs", [])
-                            if addrs:
-                                iface_info["ip"] = addrs[0].get("addr", "")
-            except Exception:
-                try:
-                    ifaces = dom.interfaceAddresses(
-                        libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_INTERFACE_ADDRESSES_SRC_LEASE, 0
-                    )
-                    if ifaces:
-                        for ifname, ifdata in ifaces.items():
-                            addrs = ifdata.get("addrs", [])
-                            if addrs:
-                                iface_info["ip"] = addrs[0].get("addr", "")
-                                break
-                except Exception:
-                    pass
+        mac_elem = iface.find("mac")
+        if mac_elem is not None:
+            iface_info["mac"] = mac_elem.get("address", "")
         interfaces.append(iface_info)
     info["interfaces"] = interfaces
 
+    # 获取 IP 地址（仅在需要时）
+    if include_ip and info["state"] == "running":
+        arp_cache = _get_arp_table(host_id)
+        for iface in interfaces:
+            if "mac" in iface:
+                # 先尝试 Guest Agent 和 DHCP 租约
+                iface["ip"] = _get_vm_ip(dom, iface["mac"], iface.get("network", ""), host_id, None)
+                # 如果没找到再用 ARP 表
+                if not iface.get("ip") and arp_cache:
+                    mac_lower = iface["mac"].lower()
+                    if mac_lower in arp_cache:
+                        iface["ip"] = arp_cache[mac_lower]
+    else:
+        # 不获取 IP 时，初始化 ip 字段为空
+        for iface in interfaces:
+            iface["ip"] = ""
+
     # VNC
     graphics = tree.find(".//graphics[@type='vnc']")
     if graphics is not None:
@@ -214,6 +214,93 @@ def parse_vm_info(dom) -> dict:
     return info
 
 
+def _get_arp_table(host_id: str = "local") -> dict:
+    """获取 ARP 表（MAC -> IP 映射），返回 {mac_lower: ip}"""
+    import subprocess
+    from app.hosts import get_host as get_host_info
+
+    host_info = get_host_info(host_id)
+    is_remote = host_info and host_info.type != "local"
+
+    try:
+        if is_remote and host_info.type == "ssh":
+            from urllib.parse import urlparse
+            parsed = urlparse(host_info.uri)
+            remote_host = parsed.hostname
+            ssh_args = ["ssh", "-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=no"]
+            if host_info.ssh_key_path:
+                ssh_args.extend(["-i", host_info.ssh_key_path])
+            ssh_args.extend([remote_host, "ip", "neigh", "show"])
+            result = subprocess.run(ssh_args, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=5)
+        else:
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                ["ip", "neigh", "show"],
+                capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=3,
+            )
+
+        if result.returncode == 0:
+            arp = {}
+            for line in result.stdout.strip().split("\n"):
+                parts = line.split()
+                if len(parts) >= 5:
+                    ip = parts[0]
+                    # lladdr 行格式: IP dev IFACE lladdr MAC ...
+                    for i, p in enumerate(parts):
+                        if p == "lladdr" and i + 1 < len(parts) and "." in ip:
+                            arp[parts[i + 1].lower()] = ip
+            return arp
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return {}
+
+
+def _get_vm_ip(dom, mac: str, network: str = "", host_id: str = "local", arp_cache: dict = None) -> str:
+    """多种方式尝试获取虚拟机 IP 地址"""
+    # 方式1: QEMU Guest Agent（最准确）
+    try:
+        ifaces = dom.interfaceAddresses(
+            libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_INTERFACE_ADDRESSES_SRC_AGENT, 0
+        )
+        if ifaces:
+            for ifname, ifdata in ifaces.items():
+                if ifdata.get("hwaddr", "").lower() == mac.lower():
+                    addrs = ifdata.get("addrs", [])
+                    for a in addrs:
+                        addr = a.get("addr", "")
+                        # 优先返回 IPv4
+                        if "." in addr:
+                            return addr
+                    if addrs:
+                        return addrs[0].get("addr", "")
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # 方式2: DHCP 租约（通过 libvirt 网络）
+    try:
+        ifaces = dom.interfaceAddresses(
+            libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_INTERFACE_ADDRESSES_SRC_LEASE, 0
+        )
+        if ifaces:
+            for ifname, ifdata in ifaces.items():
+                hwaddr = ifdata.get("hwaddr", "").lower()
+                if hwaddr == mac.lower():
+                    addrs = ifdata.get("addrs", [])
+                    for a in addrs:
+                        addr = a.get("addr", "")
+                        if "." in addr:
+                            return addr
+                    if addrs:
+                        return addrs[0].get("addr", "")
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # 方式3: ARP 表查找（通过 MAC 地址查 IP）
+    if arp_cache is not None and mac.lower() in arp_cache:
+        return arp_cache[mac.lower()]
+
+    return ""
+
+
 def _get_state(dom) -> str:
     """获取虚拟机运行状态"""
     raw = dom.info()