diff --git a/backend/agent_tools.py b/backend/agent_tools.py
index bb0fe41..917e782 100644
--- a/backend/agent_tools.py
+++ b/backend/agent_tools.py
@@ -33,9 +33,10 @@ GLOBAL_FLAGS_WITH_VALUE = {
 }
 FORBIDDEN_TOKENS = {";", "||", "&&", "<", "<<", "`"}
 # 管道 |、重定向 >、>>、$ 变量引用 允许在诊断中使用
-# 但含 | 的命令中若管道后出现 sh/bash/rm/mv/chmod/chown/dd/format/mkfs 则拒绝
-_PIPE_DANGEROUS_TARGETS = {"sh", "bash", "dash", "zsh", "rm", "mv", "chmod", "chown",
-                           "dd", "format", "mkfs", "fdisk", "parted", "wget", "curl"}
+# 但含 | 的命令中若管道后出现 sh/bash/dd/format/mkfs/fdisk/parted 则直接拒绝（武器级危险）
+# rm/mv/chmod/chown — 现已在 SHELL_WRITE_COMMANDS 中，管道后会触发审批而非直接拒绝
+_PIPE_DANGEROUS_TARGETS = {"sh", "bash", "dash", "zsh",
+                           "dd", "format", "mkfs", "fdisk", "parted"}
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -258,6 +259,15 @@ _ETCDCTL_WRITE_SUBVERBS = {
 # 系统修改命令白名单：需要人工审批
 SHELL_WRITE_COMMANDS: dict[str, set[str] | None] = {
     "systemctl": {"restart", "start", "stop", "reload", "enable", "disable", "daemon-reload"},
+    # 文件操作命令：任意参数都需审批
+    "rm": None,
+    "cp": None,
+    "mv": None,
+    "chmod": None,
+    "chown": None,
+    "mkdir": None,
+    "touch": None,
+    "ln": None,
 }
 
 # ip 命令的写操作动词 (出现即拒绝自动执行)
@@ -338,6 +348,12 @@ def classify_shell_command(command: str) -> CommandDecision:
             verb = _first_non_flag(before_parts[1:])
             if verb is not None and verb in allowed:
                 return CommandDecision("write", True, binary, [command], needs_shell=True)
+            # binary 在写表但子命令不匹配写表 — 走只读白名单检查
+            if binary in SHELL_READ_ONLY_COMMANDS:
+                ro_allowed = SHELL_READ_ONLY_COMMANDS[binary]
+                if ro_allowed is None or (verb is not None and verb in ro_allowed):
+                    return CommandDecision("read", False, binary, [command], needs_shell=True)
+            raise ValueError(f"命令 {binary} 不支持该子命令: {verb}")
 
         return CommandDecision("read", False, binary, [command], needs_shell=True)
 
diff --git a/tests/test_agent_tools.py b/tests/test_agent_tools.py
index ef254ea..f85e4f2 100644
--- a/tests/test_agent_tools.py
+++ b/tests/test_agent_tools.py
@@ -84,8 +84,13 @@ class ShellCommandPolicyTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(decision.requires_approval)
 
     def test_rejects_unknown_binary(self):
+        # rm 现在在写白名单中（需审批），不会直接拒绝
+        decision = classify_shell_command("rm -rf /tmp/cache")
+        self.assertEqual(decision.mode, "write")
+        self.assertTrue(decision.requires_approval)
+        # 完全不在任何白名单中的命令才拒绝
         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            classify_shell_command("rm -rf /")
+            classify_shell_command("hacktool -x")
 
     def test_rejects_shell_operators_in_shell_command(self):
         # 分号 ; 仍被拒绝